Dr. Arturo Sorhegui, historian, member of the Union of Historians of Cuba, the Caribbean Studies Association and Association of Historians of Latin America and tireless researcher, developed a job for the mainland, Venezuelan magazine of history and social sciences, which maintains that Havana has the privilege of being together with the populations of the Colombian Caribbean coast, and then Caracas, the territory of Our America that Francisco Miranda filed for longer.
adds that although the Venezuelan hero became acquainted with the realities of the first two spaces of the Eastern Caribbean, to be in Cuba "... came to dominate the environment of the Gulf of Mexico and the southern coast of the U.S. current. UU. With additional experience, that during his stay in the city was partner in management circles and the army, finding from experience, in his capacity as aide to the Captain General of the island, the chances of Bourbon reformism, in its most advanced, that of Carlos III ", and the place chosen to implement the administrative system the Administration, before its extension to the rest of Latin America. "
Sorhegui wrote in his research, there is a continuity that goes between the first twenty years of life of Miranda in Venezuela, his native country (1750-1771), nine years he lived in Spain (1771-1780 ) to the following three years they took up residence in Havana (1780-1783).
And that line, "... could well be found in the opportunities open to America with the reforms sponsored by Carlos III, and Miranda's personal decision to move to the metropolis to reach there the status of Hispanic military officer" .
Involved in political contests
We respect the historian who already located in its new status, Miranda gets involved in political contests metropolitan and so was going to have to campaign in Morocco (1775-1776) and learned to distinguish the so-called blockade of Melilla, where he met Lieutenant Colonel Juan Manuel Cajigal Monserrate, who later became Captain General of Cuba in the years 1781-1783, the last year, time that was born who would be the liberator of America.
As is known, that knowledge allowed him access to the rank of aide Cajigal Monserrate, who "... accompanied on the actions of Army Operations America, created to intervene in the war against England was declared on the occasion of independence of the 13 Colonies of America. "
Sorhegui For the historian, perhaps, that confluence and / or overlap between Miranda and Cajigal Monserrate may have been the result of the talks who did both and in which, the reference was always emphasized that the latter's father, Francisco Antonio de la Hoz Cajigal had fulfilled mission as governor of Caracas.
then comments about another element that could be considered in the affinity of Francisco de Miranda and Cajigal Monserrate, as is the fact that both have the status of Creoles, as Cajigal was a Native American and Santiago de Cuba was a member of the infantry regiment of Havana.
Anger and distrust of the hero
was around this time in 1781 when Juan Manuel Cajigal official Monserrate is leading the Captaincy General of the island with his aide Francisco de Miranda. This, of Cajigal orders, traveled to perform sensitive missions to Jamaica and Haiti "... and wrote the capitulations for the surrender of the Bahamas.
is interesting to relate here the fact that the performance of these tasks by Francisco de Miranda gave him a prominence that generated anger and distrust of José de Gálvez, Minister of the Indies, According to Gálvez, was apparently unknown in "... the same text of the capitulation, as well as statements by the Venezuelan in Haiti."
That fact prompted the "Minister of India, to order his arrest and will soon move to Spain for trial. Violated provision for Cajigal, who released him no more arrived in the harbor of the capital, without taking the requisite steps to prevent its transfer to the 13 Colonies of America, in early 1783. "
Sorhegui wrote historian Arthur, the "End of Miranda's stay in Cuba, with its move to the United States, completed an important phase in the life of the Venezuelan revolutionary, to break, this year, with English army and no foreign management in Spain and America sponsored transformations for more comprehensive version of the English reforms. "
The story begins by saying that he met Miranda in Havana, then, was very different from his native Caracas and further believes that "the American world view Miranda reached upon completion of his thirty years existence, would be completed in Havana, where the knowledge of the mainland now add a different reality in his native Caracas. "
It was not like a city like Caracas, protected it for a long mountain range that was not easy to access, with a population of Indians, mestizos and a few whites, Havana, open if you want to meet some related activities, the key feature was a wide range of nationalities: English, English, Portuguese and Dutch.
Write a professor at the University of Havana to see a bit these differences, we say, "The Havana shared with New Spain, some of the new responsibilities in the circuit of the Gulf. Support is reflected, among other aspects: the possibility that the Captain General of the island revert to the viceregal chair, which occurred four times, the extension to Pensacola (Pensacola then) and Louisiana in the military, administrative commitments had previously Havana with respect to Florida, the belligerence of the militia and regular troops insular between combat forces that had Bernardo Galvez in New Orleans, to attack the British ; and recruitment since 1771, in its territory, the emissaries (spies) that Spain was to track the movement of the British in Charleston, Philadelphia, Haiti and Jamaica. "
What Miranda appreciated
According to this researcher of history, "As a soldier and resident of America, Miranda saw in the island's capital the evolution of three phenomena of great interest. The contrast between civil and military interests, statements in opposition to the bending of the outer zone of the walls, on the grounds this expansion attempted threat to the defense capability of the square, and the infrastructure of a city with more than 70 thousand inhabitants in the last third of seven, joined the interest of its people to achieve self-image, other than that formed as a result of the regulations of the sixteenth and seventeenth adjustments and provisions. "
Finally, for the historian, without going into details very own reality for the military fortress that was Havana at the time, "What is described in the case of Havana, despite what its size undisputed, did not like in Buenos Aires and Caracas warring groups can be linked more to the rest of the dominant world powers, which the metropolis itself, with a history of the independence movement promoted much higher than in western Cuba. Path that would outline Francisco de Miranda after he left the island in 1783, relating, in active form, with such actions in the 13 colonies and the French Revolution, before landing in 1806 near Caracas to meet their designs. "
0 comments:
Post a Comment